Management action plan for enhancing pedagogical outcomes on a Essay

Management action plan for enhancing pedagogical outcomes on a selected institution (educational report) - Essay Example With the constant endeavor of the thinkers/intelligentsia, ‘Pedagogy’, the science of teaching evolved as a separate and distinct discipline wherein emphasis was given on improvising the teaching methods to make the teaching-learning process more productive and result oriented. The teacher, students and the teaching methods combined make the skeleton of the education system and a good education policy focuses on all of them taking them as interrelated factors. â€Å"Education should develop pupils and students as independent individuals by promoting such qualities as initiative, courage, enthusiasm and the desire to learn something new. Education should make it possible for the individual to cope on his or her own, to develop his or her potential and make his or her contribution to the civil society. In this way, education sustains the community and the common cultural identity.† (http://pub.uvm.dk/2002/better1/01.htm ) Including all above, action plans for pedagogical development is prepared. Learning outcomes are very much dependant on pedagogy. These refer, to what a student will be able to know or do at the end of the instruction. Likewise a plan for actively doing something is called an action plan. When students are taught in classes, they are supposed to learn according to the learning outcomes. But, in many cases, it is seen teaching is done in a very traditional method where neither any goal is fixed nor is achieved. Parti cularly, taking the case of china, the pedagogical structure is based on decades of practice and according to the instruction of Ministry of Education of Chinese Communist Party. (Lang & Zha 2004). So, the challenge here is to remove bureaucratic hurdle and also placing realistically achievable goals.( Andrews et al 2002) Where there is a need to combat a problem or to introduce a new pedagogical approach, a plan is made for achieving some specific kind of learning outcomes. So, it is very much required to have a

Persuasion Essay Example for Free

Persuasion Essay The criticism of His criticism In Jane Austens novel Persuasion. diction and subversive tone depict Austens disdain and disapproval towards the society. Sir Walter Elliot informs Anne and Mr. Shepherd about his irritation toward people who strive to rise above the society. He mentions how naval officer is a profession that transits man with obscure birth into undue distinction (Austen 14), and expresses his disgust towards the officers growing old in appearance sooner than any other man. Sir Walter declared, l was in company with two men Admiral Baldwin, the most deplorable looking personage you can imagine I never saw quite so wretched an example of what a seafaring life can do (Austen 14). Austen Implies the superficial nobllltles like Sir Walter Elliot who insist trivial matters such as appearance supplant other elements of a man. The diction includes deplorable and wretched, which illustrate Jane Austens perspective toward the members of upper class. She uses Sir Walters absurd contempt for the sailors to portray her contempt for the materialistic nobilities. hen Admiral Baldwin Is the example of a seafaring life can do, Austen portrays Sir Walter as one, too (Austen 14). She sets Sir Walter as the example of what an overindulged life can do to people; they do not understand the torment of toil and labor of the mind as they possess the authority and wealth (Austen 14). Therefore, Sir Walter Elliots negative diatribe on the navy conveys Intentions and feelings of Austen towards the peerage. As Sir Walter continues on his anecdote to denunciate the social workers whom do not adhere to what he values, he asserts, They are all nocked about, and exposed to every climate, and every weather, till they are not fit to be seem It Is a pity they are not knocked on the head once (Austen 14). Sir Walter who is on a highly acknowledged position would rather Judge an individual effortlessly through ones physical appearance than recognizing their true worth. Jane Austen has included irony to reveal her opinion to the Judgmental aristocrats; she gives pity to the society where the foolish upper class men obstinately relate peoples quality with ones appearance. While the workers were exposed to every climate and every weather, the prestigious aristocrats peacefully remained indoors with their luxurious benefits. Austen deprecates the society consisted of immoral nobilities; she believes the peerage Is a pity not knocked on the head once. She holds the opinion that the hollow nobility are not fit to be seen. In response to Sir Walters diatribe, Mrs. Clay begins off her return with a mild explanation of each profession and their loss of personableness on looks as they get devoted to the profession. It Is only the lot of those who are not obliged to follow any, who can live In a regular way o hold the blessings of health and a good appearance to the utmost: I know no other set of men but what lose something of their personableness when they cease to be quite young (Austen 15). Austen expresses her disagreement with Sir Walters shallow judgments through Mrs. Clays clarification on the relationship between toll and mans look In regard of natural effect of time. This strengthens Austens tone of disgust towards the wretched upper class; her attitude oward the members of the aristocracy is revealed through Mrs. Clays subtle to rise above their status by praising the nobility; Mrs. Clay attempts to place herself with the level of Sir Walter. Another ironic tone of Austen is depicted as Mrs. Clay mentions a life of living in a regular way. This is ironic due to a well known fact that the nobilities of high society live in an distinguished way compared to the people in middle classed society. Austen stresses on the essence of appearance for the peerage to signify her chastising tone of the society where pride and self-admiration re the prominent traits of the nobility. The prejudiced society where only the rank and superficial appearance signifies ones reputation and quality was well illustrated in the story of Persuasion to emphasize the insincerity of ignorant and shallow- minded aristocrats. Until the society today, people cannot escape illogical Judgments only based on the appearance or the social status of a person. Bibliography Austen, Jane. Persuasion. 2nd ed. Ed. Patricia Meyer Spacks. New York: W. W. W. Norton Company, New York, 2013. 14-15. Print.

The Hierarchical Social Structure in Velasquezs The Water Seller, Picassos Acrobats Family with :: Seller Acrobat Family Gothic Third May Essays

The Hierarchical Social Structure in Velasquez's The Water Seller, Picasso's Acrobat's Family with a Monkey,Wood's American Gothic, and Goyez's The Third of May The pyramidal structures in Velasquez's The Water Seller, Picasso's Acrobat's Family with a Monkey, Wood's American Gothic, Goyez's The Third of May reflects the components of society. At the top of the pyramid is the single individual, as presented by Diego Velasquez in "The Waterseller of Seville," which portrays the three images of a boy and old man in the foreground and the shadowy figure in the background, whom stand in a circle. A clear cup filled with water, like the water of life that quenched the dying man’s thirst in a hot desert, is suspended in the center. The young boy, in his school uniform of a black jacket and white dress shirt, looks at the glass as would a child at a chocolate chip cookie, craving and yearning for that bit of sweet chocolate encased by a soft sugary dough. The old man on his right is wearing a very bright red cloak that reflects off onto his hands and face, giving them a red glow as well, while his other hand rests on a large water jug. Behind the two men is a more mysterious figure, like a spirit from the netherworld whose face is transparent. He, too, holds a glass in his hand, but unlike the other two, he is actually dri nking from it.The centralized cup and its movement a circular pattern represents the completion of a life cycle. It begins with the boy, who is transformed, by the knowledge gained in life that is symbolized by the water, to an older man before entering his final stage of death. The large water jug in the forefront, however, is a reminder that the amount of knowledge that can be found in life is infinitely larger than people can possibly consume in their lifetime. On the middle tier of the structure is the basic family unit that can be divided into the intermediate, as portrayed by Grant Wood's American Gothic, and the extended, as in Picasso's The Acrobat's Family with a Monkey. In the former, the immediate family is portrayed as the "old family", since the couple present in the picture are elderly. The old man, holding a pitch fork, and his sister, who stands behind him, share the same grave look as parents would give their children while scolding them.

“Coming of Age”

In life most people just cannot wait for the chance of becoming a â€Å"grown up†. Anticipating the chance to have more independence and the opportunity to do things that were perceived as being mature and cool. While growing up, the people suffer through a set of changes as they develop a sexually mature adult body. While these changes are primarily physical in nature, profound mental, emotional and social, changes also occur as youth adapt to their maturing bodies. A young Jewish girl who had to go into hiding during the Second World War to escape from the persecution of the Nazis suffered a lot.Although rejected and isolated, she didn? t stop showing signs of coming of age as a normal girl such as having an imaginary friend, entering puberty and having sexual curiosity. First of all, Kitty, Anne? s diary, came to help to deal in the time of transition. Young children often have imaginary friends. Anne Frank, after she followed her family into hiding, never enjoyed this luxu ry. Her diary became Anne? s friend, her retreat from a microcosm imposed upon her and the seven other Jews imprisoned in the loft because of Hitler’s master plan of genocide against Jews and other groups.Even before the Franks entered the loft, Anne had named her diary â€Å"Kitty. †Ã‚   (Shuman). Kitty helps Anne deal with the huge change and the reader sees it when she writes to her about the Annex. â€Å"I’ve probably bored you with my long description of our house, but I still think you should know where I’ve ended up† (Frank 25) and when how her world turned upside down because of the sudden change. â€Å"It seems like years since Sunday morning. So much has happened it’s as if the whole world had suddenly turned upside down. But as you can see, Kitty, I’m still alive† (Frank 19).In these two quotes, Anne is telling Kitty that a lot have happened and she doesn’t feel comfortable being in hideout but at least she is still alive and has a friend who can tell everything. In writing to Kitty, Frank is trying to reach out to the normal world beyond her confined quarters. She misses school and her old friends. As the youngest in the secret annex, she is treated with condescension by the adults and sometimes scolded for her boisterousness. To overcome these feelings of isolation, she invents a friend in whom she can confide (Furst). I hope I will be able to confide everything to you, as I have never been able to confide in anyone† (Frank 1). During her time in the annex Anne feels that despite having her parents, it’s better to tell everything to Kitty. † Paper has more patience than people† (Frank 6). The Jewish girl feels that no one interested of what a thirteen year-old girl has to say and it’s better to write what she feels without fear of being judged and that was really hard for her because of being Jewish in times of the Holocaust. After Germany invaded Nether lands and the government began to persecute Jews.Anne dropped her studies and lost contact with all her Jewish friends. During hideout, Kitty acted as Anne’s trusted confident when there was no one else to tell her secrets to. Kitty provided comfort in times of stress and companionship when she was lonely. â€Å"I hope you will be a great source of comfort and support† (Frank 1). Anne Frank was a popular girl in the school but she felt like she didn’t have a lots of friends and that’s one of the reasons why she had such a strong relationship with Kitty. The reader later learns that neither Mrs.Frank nor Margot offered much to Anne in the way of emotional support and even though Anne’s father tried everything he could, he failed. â€Å"And yet for a long time I’ve felt extremely lonely, left out, neglected and misunderstood. Father did everything he could to curb my rebellious spirit, but it was no use†¦ Why didn’t father support me in my struggle? Why did he fall short when he tried to offer me a helping hand? The answer is: he used the wrong methods. He always talked to me as if I were a child going through a difficult phase† (Frank 329).Anne does realize that her father did try to help her but he failed; although Kitty didn’t. Kitty was always with her. † So far you truly have been a great source of comfort to me, and so has Kitty, whom I now write to regularly. This way of keeping a diary is much nicer, and now I can hardly wait for those moments when I’m able to write in you. Oh, I’m so glad I brought you along! † (Frank 1). Furthermore, during her concealment from the German soldiers, Anne started to show physical signs of growing up as her body started to change.Anne Frank? s puberty began when she was 13 years old. Her breasts started to developed and because of the change, she had a terrible urge to feel her breast at night in bed. In addition, hair began to g row, and at the end Anne finally got her period. â€Å"I think that what’s happening to me is so wonderful, and I don’t just mean the changes taking place on the outside of my body, but also those on the inside. I never discuss myself or any of these things with others, which is why I have to talk about them to myself.Whenever I have my period (and that’s only been three times), I have the feeling that in spite of all the pain, discomfort and mess, I’m carrying around a sweet secret† (Frank 160). At many points in her diary, the young girl expresses her desire to grow up so that her family take her seriously and she hopes to have her period thinking of it as physical sign of adulthood would make others respect her. When her period didn? t brought her family to respect her maturity, she continued to enjoy it as a â€Å"sweet secret†. At the time she made her first entries into her now-famous diary, she was pampered and immature (Shauman).Duri ng Anne’s changes, the reader feels that she is no longer a naive kid because she leaves her normal childhood behind and becomes more mature and thoughtful due to the unusual circumstances of the Holocaust. â€Å"I was suffering then (and still do) from moods that kept my head under water (figuratively speaking) and allowed me to see things only from my own perspective, without calmly considering what the others- those whom I, with my mercurial temperament, had hurt or offended- had said, and then acting as they would have done† (Frank 157-158).This quote shows that Anne began to grow up, reflecting more objectively on her own behaviour. Puberty is not only changes in the person body but it’s also a transition from childhood to adulthood. One cause of the sudden change in Anne was war. â€Å"The war is going to go on despite our quarrels and our longing for freedom and fresh air, so we should try to make the best to stay here. I’m preaching, but I also b elieve that if I live here much longer I’ll turn into dried-up old beanstalk. And all I really want is to be an honest-to-goodness teenager! † (Frank 169). Anne believes that war has made her grow old too quickly.She lost her chance to be a young person, enjoying life. As part of Anne’s development into a young adult, she started to develop an identity separated from her parents and a capacity of decision-making. She started to experience teenage rebellion mostly towards her mother. â€Å"Margot and Mother’s personalities are so alien to me. I understand my girlfriends better than my own mother. Isn’t that a shame? † (Frank 42). This is one of the first times that Anne expresses a typical adolescent sentiment that she can relate to her friends better than to her own family.Throughout the diary, Anne presents her mother in a negative and judgemental fashion. Anne sees her mother as an irritating figure of authority and she frequently wrote of her difficult relationship with her. One reason why Anne has problems with her mother is because Mrs. Frank sees Anne as a friend. †I’ve suddenly realized what’s wrong with her. Mother has said that she sees us more as friends than as daughters. That’s all very nice, of course, except that a friend can’t take the place of a mother.I need my mother to set a good example and be a person I can respect, but in most matters she’s an example of what not to do† (Frank 159). Anne tells Kitty that she needs a mother that possesses a great deal of tact, especially towards her adolescent children, and not one who pokes fun at her when she cries. Finally, as Anne continues to grow, she develops the sense of gender differences and also the curiosity of the body. During her hideout, Anne complains that it? s really easy to see exactly what a naked man looks like because of pictures, but it’s really hard to see a naked picture of a woman. Every time I see a female nude, such as the Venus in my history book, I go into ecstasy. Sometimes I find them so exquisite I have to struggle to hold back my tears. If I only had a girlfriend! † (Frank 161). That? s probably one of the reasons that she touched herself when she was in the annex. The reader also finds out that, before going into hiding, Anne had a sexual curiosity about the human body. â€Å"Unconsciously, I had these feelings even before I came here. Once when I was spending the night at Jacque’s, I could no longer restrain my curiosity about her body†¦I asked wether, as a proof of our friendship, we could touch each other’s breasts. Jacque refused. I also had a terrible desire to kiss her, which I did† (Frank 161). Through her thoughts expressed to Kitty, the reader appreciates that Anne was growing up really fast. The young girl was in the stage of trying to find love and have a relationship. When Anne talks about her love life, things g ets confusing because there were multiple Peters during Anne’s short life. When Anne was thirteen she already had boys on the brain and she had a lot of admirers. I have a throng of admirers who can’t keep their adoring eyes off me and who sometimes have to resort to using a broken pocket mirror to try and catch a glimpse of me in the classroom† (Frank 7). Anne does seem to be a male magnet and before going into the annex, she experienced a relationship with a sixteen-year-old guy named Peter Schiff; however their relationship soon ended because Anne was too young. After going into hiding, she met Peter Van Daan, a shy boy in the annex that Anne has no taste for at first. However later in the diary, Anne begins having dreams of Peter Schiff. I immediately remembered what I’d been dreaming about. I was sitting on a chair and across from me was Peter†¦ Peter Schiff† (Frank 162). Those dreams that Anne had, mark what she thinks to be a significant change in herself. â€Å"I (there I go again! ) don’t know what’s happened, but since my dream I keep noticing how I’ve changed† (Frank 170). Those changes are a result of increased interest in romantic love and sex. It seems that Anne started to realize that she wanted love and companionship so desperately that she blinded herself to who Peter Van Daan really was. No, I think about Peter much more than I do Father. I know very well that he was my conquest, and not the other way round. I created an image of him in my mind, pictured him as a quiet, sweet, sensitive boy badly in need of friendship and love! I needed to pour out my heart to a living person. When I finally got him to be my friend, it automatically developed into an intimacy that, when I think about it now, seems outrageous. (Frank 330). The fourteen-years-old girl initiates a healthy curiosity about a natural part of growing up. â€Å"A very strange thing has happened to me.Before I came her e, whenever anyone at home or at school talked about sex, they were either secretive or disgusting. Any words having to do with sex were spoken in a low whisper. That struck me as odd, and I often wondered why people were so mysterious or obnoxious when they talked about this subject† (Frank 172). The young girl is in a mature stage where she really doesn’t see why people laugh or get mysterious about the subject and she really wants to know about sex. Before going into hiding, she tried to ask her friends about the subject. â€Å"I said as little as possible or asked my girlfriends for information† (Frank 172-173).Also, Anne asked her parents, but they were not open about sex and sexuality and that’s why she decided to ask Peter about sex and later she talks to Margot in the bathroom. In the end, Anne Frank died in early March 1945, in a concentration camp. During hiding, Annelies Frank never could get use to the annex and she always felt lonely and misun derstood. Even though she had a horrific childhood, that didn’t stop the enthusiastic young girl to experience normal teenage phases such as having an imaginary companion, facing mental & physical changes, and possessing sexual curiosity.Work Cited ? Frank, Annelies Marie. THE DIARY OF A YOUNG GIRL ANNE FRANL. THE DEFINITIVE EDITION. United States of America: Penguin Books, 1995. 341. ? Shuman, R. Baird, . â€Å"The Diary of a Young Girl. †Ã‚  Literary Reference Center. EBSCO, n. d. Web. 29 May 2012. ? Furst, Lilian R. â€Å"The Diary of a Young Girl. †Ã‚  Literary Reference Center. EBSCO, n. d. Web. 30 May 2012. ? Shauman, R. Baird. â€Å"Anne Frank. †Ã‚  Literary Reference Center. EBSCO, n. d. Web. 30 May 2012. Coming of age Coming of age On January 1 9th, 2008 1 was the happiest person alive. It was very hot and sunny out.. I remember how nice of weather it was. My family and I had taken a vacation to Florida and it was one of the best experiences of my life. 7 years was a long time ago, but still remember every single detail about that trip. On that day, one of the best things ever in my life happened. Even though most people don't think this Is a big deal, It was a very big deal to me.When I was In Elementary school my friends would always ask me if I wanted to go biking around the neighborhood.. I would always have to say no because I did not know how to ride a bike. As much as I tried to learn how, I would always give up. Nothing would work. I was the last of my friends to learn how to ride a bike. It always made me sad watching people bike down the road.. Wishing I knew how to do that. Then one day, my cousin Lexis who Is 2 years younger than me decided she was going to teach me how to ride a bike. E Insisted on It. â€Å"Ally! You're missing out on so much You need to learn† The whole day I thought to myself how many people have tried to teach me how to ride a bike and failed. It was hopeless. I was positive I wasn't going to learn anytime soon.. Maybe even never. Later that day, Lexis came over with her bike, and I had mine. Every minute that went by felt like an hour. Even though I could see the disappointment on her face, she wasn't going to give up on me. Finally, there was hope.She had done it! We had done it.. I had done it. I was biking down the sidewalk with the biggest smile on my face. I had finally learned how to ride a bike without training wheels. I could finally ride one on my own and be like the rest of the kids. I remember being full of joy that day and riding my bike the whole day long. On that day, I felt different, I felt as if a huge weight had just been lifted off my shoulders. It was an amazing feeling that I'll definitely never forget. â€Å"Coming of Age† In life most people just cannot wait for the chance of becoming a â€Å"grown up†. Anticipating the chance to have more independence and the opportunity to do things that were perceived as being mature and cool. While growing up, the people suffer through a set of changes as they develop a sexually mature adult body. While these changes are primarily physical in nature, profound mental, emotional and social, changes also occur as youth adapt to their maturing bodies. A young Jewish girl who had to go into hiding during the Second World War to escape from the persecution of the Nazis suffered a lot.Although rejected and isolated, she didn? t stop showing signs of coming of age as a normal girl such as having an imaginary friend, entering puberty and having sexual curiosity. First of all, Kitty, Anne? s diary, came to help to deal in the time of transition. Young children often have imaginary friends. Anne Frank, after she followed her family into hiding, never enjoyed this luxu ry. Her diary became Anne? s friend, her retreat from a microcosm imposed upon her and the seven other Jews imprisoned in the loft because of Hitler’s master plan of genocide against Jews and other groups.Even before the Franks entered the loft, Anne had named her diary â€Å"Kitty. †Ã‚   (Shuman). Kitty helps Anne deal with the huge change and the reader sees it when she writes to her about the Annex. â€Å"I’ve probably bored you with my long description of our house, but I still think you should know where I’ve ended up† (Frank 25) and when how her world turned upside down because of the sudden change. â€Å"It seems like years since Sunday morning. So much has happened it’s as if the whole world had suddenly turned upside down. But as you can see, Kitty, I’m still alive† (Frank 19).In these two quotes, Anne is telling Kitty that a lot have happened and she doesn’t feel comfortable being in hideout but at least she is still alive and has a friend who can tell everything. In writing to Kitty, Frank is trying to reach out to the normal world beyond her confined quarters. She misses school and her old friends. As the youngest in the secret annex, she is treated with condescension by the adults and sometimes scolded for her boisterousness. To overcome these feelings of isolation, she invents a friend in whom she can confide (Furst). I hope I will be able to confide everything to you, as I have never been able to confide in anyone† (Frank 1). During her time in the annex Anne feels that despite having her parents, it’s better to tell everything to Kitty. † Paper has more patience than people† (Frank 6). The Jewish girl feels that no one interested of what a thirteen year-old girl has to say and it’s better to write what she feels without fear of being judged and that was really hard for her because of being Jewish in times of the Holocaust. After Germany invaded Nether lands and the government began to persecute Jews.Anne dropped her studies and lost contact with all her Jewish friends. During hideout, Kitty acted as Anne’s trusted confident when there was no one else to tell her secrets to. Kitty provided comfort in times of stress and companionship when she was lonely. â€Å"I hope you will be a great source of comfort and support† (Frank 1). Anne Frank was a popular girl in the school but she felt like she didn’t have a lots of friends and that’s one of the reasons why she had such a strong relationship with Kitty. The reader later learns that neither Mrs.Frank nor Margot offered much to Anne in the way of emotional support and even though Anne’s father tried everything he could, he failed. â€Å"And yet for a long time I’ve felt extremely lonely, left out, neglected and misunderstood. Father did everything he could to curb my rebellious spirit, but it was no use†¦ Why didn’t father support me in my struggle? Why did he fall short when he tried to offer me a helping hand? The answer is: he used the wrong methods. He always talked to me as if I were a child going through a difficult phase† (Frank 329).Anne does realize that her father did try to help her but he failed; although Kitty didn’t. Kitty was always with her. † So far you truly have been a great source of comfort to me, and so has Kitty, whom I now write to regularly. This way of keeping a diary is much nicer, and now I can hardly wait for those moments when I’m able to write in you. Oh, I’m so glad I brought you along! † (Frank 1). Furthermore, during her concealment from the German soldiers, Anne started to show physical signs of growing up as her body started to change.Anne Frank? s puberty began when she was 13 years old. Her breasts started to developed and because of the change, she had a terrible urge to feel her breast at night in bed. In addition, hair began to g row, and at the end Anne finally got her period. â€Å"I think that what’s happening to me is so wonderful, and I don’t just mean the changes taking place on the outside of my body, but also those on the inside. I never discuss myself or any of these things with others, which is why I have to talk about them to myself.Whenever I have my period (and that’s only been three times), I have the feeling that in spite of all the pain, discomfort and mess, I’m carrying around a sweet secret† (Frank 160). At many points in her diary, the young girl expresses her desire to grow up so that her family take her seriously and she hopes to have her period thinking of it as physical sign of adulthood would make others respect her. When her period didn? t brought her family to respect her maturity, she continued to enjoy it as a â€Å"sweet secret†. At the time she made her first entries into her now-famous diary, she was pampered and immature (Shauman).Duri ng Anne’s changes, the reader feels that she is no longer a naive kid because she leaves her normal childhood behind and becomes more mature and thoughtful due to the unusual circumstances of the Holocaust. â€Å"I was suffering then (and still do) from moods that kept my head under water (figuratively speaking) and allowed me to see things only from my own perspective, without calmly considering what the others- those whom I, with my mercurial temperament, had hurt or offended- had said, and then acting as they would have done† (Frank 157-158).This quote shows that Anne began to grow up, reflecting more objectively on her own behaviour. Puberty is not only changes in the person body but it’s also a transition from childhood to adulthood. One cause of the sudden change in Anne was war. â€Å"The war is going to go on despite our quarrels and our longing for freedom and fresh air, so we should try to make the best to stay here. I’m preaching, but I also b elieve that if I live here much longer I’ll turn into dried-up old beanstalk. And all I really want is to be an honest-to-goodness teenager! † (Frank 169). Anne believes that war has made her grow old too quickly.She lost her chance to be a young person, enjoying life. As part of Anne’s development into a young adult, she started to develop an identity separated from her parents and a capacity of decision-making. She started to experience teenage rebellion mostly towards her mother. â€Å"Margot and Mother’s personalities are so alien to me. I understand my girlfriends better than my own mother. Isn’t that a shame? † (Frank 42). This is one of the first times that Anne expresses a typical adolescent sentiment that she can relate to her friends better than to her own family.Throughout the diary, Anne presents her mother in a negative and judgemental fashion. Anne sees her mother as an irritating figure of authority and she frequently wrote of her difficult relationship with her. One reason why Anne has problems with her mother is because Mrs. Frank sees Anne as a friend. †I’ve suddenly realized what’s wrong with her. Mother has said that she sees us more as friends than as daughters. That’s all very nice, of course, except that a friend can’t take the place of a mother.I need my mother to set a good example and be a person I can respect, but in most matters she’s an example of what not to do† (Frank 159). Anne tells Kitty that she needs a mother that possesses a great deal of tact, especially towards her adolescent children, and not one who pokes fun at her when she cries. Finally, as Anne continues to grow, she develops the sense of gender differences and also the curiosity of the body. During her hideout, Anne complains that it? s really easy to see exactly what a naked man looks like because of pictures, but it’s really hard to see a naked picture of a woman. Every time I see a female nude, such as the Venus in my history book, I go into ecstasy. Sometimes I find them so exquisite I have to struggle to hold back my tears. If I only had a girlfriend! † (Frank 161). That? s probably one of the reasons that she touched herself when she was in the annex. The reader also finds out that, before going into hiding, Anne had a sexual curiosity about the human body. â€Å"Unconsciously, I had these feelings even before I came here. Once when I was spending the night at Jacque’s, I could no longer restrain my curiosity about her body†¦I asked wether, as a proof of our friendship, we could touch each other’s breasts. Jacque refused. I also had a terrible desire to kiss her, which I did† (Frank 161). Through her thoughts expressed to Kitty, the reader appreciates that Anne was growing up really fast. The young girl was in the stage of trying to find love and have a relationship. When Anne talks about her love life, things g ets confusing because there were multiple Peters during Anne’s short life. When Anne was thirteen she already had boys on the brain and she had a lot of admirers. I have a throng of admirers who can’t keep their adoring eyes off me and who sometimes have to resort to using a broken pocket mirror to try and catch a glimpse of me in the classroom† (Frank 7). Anne does seem to be a male magnet and before going into the annex, she experienced a relationship with a sixteen-year-old guy named Peter Schiff; however their relationship soon ended because Anne was too young. After going into hiding, she met Peter Van Daan, a shy boy in the annex that Anne has no taste for at first. However later in the diary, Anne begins having dreams of Peter Schiff. I immediately remembered what I’d been dreaming about. I was sitting on a chair and across from me was Peter†¦ Peter Schiff† (Frank 162). Those dreams that Anne had, mark what she thinks to be a significant change in herself. â€Å"I (there I go again! ) don’t know what’s happened, but since my dream I keep noticing how I’ve changed† (Frank 170). Those changes are a result of increased interest in romantic love and sex. It seems that Anne started to realize that she wanted love and companionship so desperately that she blinded herself to who Peter Van Daan really was. No, I think about Peter much more than I do Father. I know very well that he was my conquest, and not the other way round. I created an image of him in my mind, pictured him as a quiet, sweet, sensitive boy badly in need of friendship and love! I needed to pour out my heart to a living person. When I finally got him to be my friend, it automatically developed into an intimacy that, when I think about it now, seems outrageous. (Frank 330). The fourteen-years-old girl initiates a healthy curiosity about a natural part of growing up. â€Å"A very strange thing has happened to me.Before I came her e, whenever anyone at home or at school talked about sex, they were either secretive or disgusting. Any words having to do with sex were spoken in a low whisper. That struck me as odd, and I often wondered why people were so mysterious or obnoxious when they talked about this subject† (Frank 172). The young girl is in a mature stage where she really doesn’t see why people laugh or get mysterious about the subject and she really wants to know about sex. Before going into hiding, she tried to ask her friends about the subject. â€Å"I said as little as possible or asked my girlfriends for information† (Frank 172-173).Also, Anne asked her parents, but they were not open about sex and sexuality and that’s why she decided to ask Peter about sex and later she talks to Margot in the bathroom. In the end, Anne Frank died in early March 1945, in a concentration camp. During hiding, Annelies Frank never could get use to the annex and she always felt lonely and misun derstood. Even though she had a horrific childhood, that didn’t stop the enthusiastic young girl to experience normal teenage phases such as having an imaginary companion, facing mental & physical changes, and possessing sexual curiosity.Work Cited ? Frank, Annelies Marie. THE DIARY OF A YOUNG GIRL ANNE FRANL. THE DEFINITIVE EDITION. United States of America: Penguin Books, 1995. 341. ? Shuman, R. Baird, . â€Å"The Diary of a Young Girl. †Ã‚  Literary Reference Center. EBSCO, n. d. Web. 29 May 2012. ? Furst, Lilian R. â€Å"The Diary of a Young Girl. †Ã‚  Literary Reference Center. EBSCO, n. d. Web. 30 May 2012. ? Shauman, R. Baird. â€Å"Anne Frank. †Ã‚  Literary Reference Center. EBSCO, n. d. Web. 30 May 2012.

Conflicts by Pyong Gap Min

The book Changes and Conflicts by Pyong Gap Min gives us an analysis on how and why Korean migration to the United States has altered their traditional family system. Allyn and Bacon published the book in 1998. The book focuses on changes in gender roles and marital relations. Also Korean child socialization, adjustments of the elderly, and the nature of transnational families and kin ties are topics Min discusses in the book. Min uses results of several surveys as well as his own ethnographic research to back his claims. Min used his own personal family experiences, his observations of other Korean families, informal discussion with Korean school teachers and social workers, and Korean newspaper articles for insight on Korean immigrant families. He also interviewed 50 Koreans in N. Y. representing a broad range of Korean people. Finally, Min used census and survey data, including his own surveys of Koreans in New York, to provide statistical information about Korean immigrant families. Min starts his analysis of Korean immigrant family by providing some background information on the Korean community in N. Y. Min explains that recent Korean immigrants can be characterized as being highly educated, urbanized, and predominately Christian. Korean immigrants began to settle in New York after 1965. One reason is the need for medical professionals during the 1960s in the New York and New Jersey area. The demand for medical professionals attracted many Korean professionals to the area. These professionals later on became naturalized and were able to invite their relatives for permanent residence. A characteristic o f the contemporary Korean community living in N. Y. are their concentration in small business. Min explains that the vast majority of the Korean work force is segregated in the Korean sub-economy, either as business owners or as employees of co-ethnic businesses. Some Korean businesses include green groceries, trade business dealing, import business, dry-cleaning service, and nail salons. Min states that the segregation of Korean immigrants in the work place promotes the preservation of their Korean cultural traditions and social interactions with co-ethnic. Min then proceeds to examine the role Confucianism plays on the Korean family system. Min claims that Confucian values that emphasizes filial piety, family/kin ties, the patriarchal family order, and children†s education still have a powerful effect on the behavior and attitudes of all Koreans. For example, Korean government, school, and community encourage people to practice filial piety by rewarding those who are exceptional in showing loyalty, respect, and devotion to their parents and by punishing those who deviate far from the norm. Also the concept of patriarchy has helped establish a male dominated society in Korea. In Korea, boys are preferred and are treated more favorably than girls and more emphasis is placed on boys† education than girls are. Finally, the emphasis on child education can be seen in Korea where formal education is used as a means of social mobility. According to Min, the most significant change brought about by international migration is the phenomenal increase in wives† economic role coupled with the weakling of husbands† role as provider. Korean immigrant working women make an important income contribution to the family finances. Min claims that Korean wives play a more important role than their husbands do in many family business, particularly small dry cleaning shops and small restaurants. Also it is easier for Korean immigrant wives to find jobs compared to their husbands because of the demand for blue-collar jobs. Even though Korean wives play an important economic role, their power and status in Korean society does not increase. Min claims the status of a Korean woman as a â€Å"helper† in the family business rather than as a co-owner also diminishes her social status and influence in the Korean immigrant community. Also the segregation of Korean immigrants at economic and religious levels bolsters the patriarchal ideology they brought with them from Korea. However, reality still remains and Korean women†s increased economic role in many Korean immigrant families has reduced their husband†s patriarchal authority, creating new sources of marital conflict and sometimes leading to separation and divorce. Koreans† child care and child socialization patterns undergo significant changes when they move to the United States. The major reason Min gives is the increase in Korean Immigrant women†s participation in the labor force. In the U. S. Korean women who work and have pre-school children depend on private nurseries or an elderly mother or mother-in-law for child care while they continue to work. This is a contrast compared with life in Korea where women who have pre-school children usually do not participate in paid work, but instead focus on child care. Also because both Korean parents work long hours outside the home, many children are left unsupervised at home. Min believes that this has lead to juvenile delinquency among Korean children, and may cause problems in the psychological development of a child. Another change in Korean family lifestyle is in gender socialization. There has been a change from the preference of male children, and equal treatment in educational aspects between boys and girls. However, the emphasis on children†s success in education has not changed since Korean immigrants moved to New York. Korean par ents push their children to do academics so they can attend a prestigious college and choose a field that leads to a high-status more common for them to live with their daughters than with sons. Second, Korean elderly do not depend on their children for financial support or expect support from their children. This is due to the welfare programs for the elderly, which have made them independent from their children. Finally, Min states that the vast majority of Korean elderly are satisfied with their lives in N. Y. and plan to live here permanently. The reasons Min gives for Korean elderly life satisfaction are their economic and residential independence, involvement in strong . The Korean elderly have also been affected by the changes in the traditional family system. First, many Korean elderly live independently of their children, and it is friendship networks and access to ethnic services in Queens, low expectations for economic and occupational success, and their deeply religious lives. Finally, Min explains how new technology and improvements in international travel has helped Koreans maintain strong ties to friends and relatives in their home country. The advanced in these two areas of technology and travel has lead to improve communication between family members. For example, more Korean family members can keep in touch with their relatives in Korea because of the increased convenience and affordability. The increase in communication between Korea and the U. S. has lead to the creation of â€Å"international commuter marriages†. Min describes international commuter marriages as being marriages where the husband has returned to Korea for a better occupation while his wife and children remains in the U. S. to take advantage of educational opportunities. Th advance in communication and travel has helped international commuter marriages prosper because now spouses can visit each other several times a year and talk on the phone every week. Min provides a detailed analysis of the Korean family. Min†s book opens up the reader to a society that the public knows little about. He provides an understanding of norms and beliefs of Korean society. By doing so, Min dismisses the stereotypes that plague Korean society. The data used in the book is solidly backed up by experiences of Korean people making it valid and logical. Finally, the book was written in 1998 making Min†s ideas relevant for today†s Korean society.